What was Pilates originally known as?

Pilates was originally known as Contrology. This term reflects the foundational principle of the method, which emphasizes the control of body movements initiated from the core. Joseph Pilates, the creator of the method, designed it with the belief that systematic and focused control of muscle groups enhances physical strength, flexibility, and overall well-being. The use of the word "Contrology" signifies the importance of mind-body connection and the conscious management of one's body during exercises, aspects that remain central to Pilates practice today.

In the context of the other options, while they might relate to components of fitness, they do not accurately capture the essence of Pilates as Contrology does. For instance, Flexology suggests a focus on flexibility alone, Core Strength emphasizes only the core aspect, and Balance Training generally relates to stability without the comprehensive control approach that defines Pilates.